Function Dump/Mathematical Functions

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Function Dump

Mathematical Functions

This library is an interface to the standard C math library. It provides all its functions inside the table math.

math.abs (x)

Returns the absolute value of x.

Example

Try me with Edit Mode!

for i = -10, 10, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,50+math.abs(i),0))
	wait()
end

math.acos (x)

Returns the arc cosine of x (in radians).

Example

for i = -1, 1, .01 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i*10,50+math.acos(i)*10,0))
	wait()
end

math.asin (x)

Returns the arc sine of x (in radians).

Example

for i = -1, 1, .01 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i*10,50+math.asin(i)*10,0))
	wait()
end

math.atan (x)

Returns the arc tangent of x (in radians).

Example

for i = -5, 5, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i*10,50+math.atan(i)*10,0))
	wait()
end

math.atan2 (y, x)

Returns the arc tangent of y/x (in radians), but uses the signs of both parameters to find the quadrant of the result. (It also handles correctly the case of x being zero.)

Example

for i = -5, 5, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i*10,50+math.atan2(1,i)*10,0))
	wait()
end

math.ceil (x)

Returns the smallest integer larger than or equal to x.

Example

for i = 0, 50, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,math.ceil(i),0))
	wait()
end

math.cos (x)

Returns the cosine of x (assumed to be in radians).

Example

for i = 0, 50, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(2*math.cos(i),i,0))
	wait()
end

math.cosh (x)

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x.

Example

for i = 0, 5, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,2*math.cosh(i),0))
	wait()
end

math.deg (x)

Returns the angle x (given in radians) in degrees.

Example

a=math.deg (1.5707963267948966192313216916398)
print(a)

Will result in:
90

math.exp (x)

Returns the the value e^x.

Example

for i = -5, 5, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,50+math.exp(i),0))
	wait()
end

math.floor (x)

Returns the largest integer smaller than or equal to x.

Example

for i = 0, 50, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,math.floor(i),0))
	wait()
end

math.fmod (x, y)

Returns the remainder of the division of x by y that rounds the quotient towards zero.

Example

for i = -10, 10, 1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,50+math.fmod(i,2),0))
	wait()
end

math.frexp (x)

Returns m and e such that x = m*2^e, e is an integer and the absolute value of m is in the range [0.5, 1) (or zero when x is zero).

Example

print(math.frexp (0))

Will result in:
0 0

print(math.frexp (4))

Will result in:
0.5 3 -- (2^3/2=4)

math.huge

The value HUGE_VAL, a value larger than or equal to any other numerical value.

Example

print(math.huge)

Will result in:
1.#INF

math.ldexp (m, e)

Returns m*2^e (e should be an integer).

Example

for i = -10, 10, 1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,50+math.ldexp (i, 1),0))
	wait()
end

math.log (x)

Returns the natural logarithm of x.

Example

for i = 0, 30, 1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,50+5*math.log (i),0))
	wait()
end

math.log10 (x)

Returns the base-10 logarithm of x.

Example

for i = 0, 30, 1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,50+5*math.log10 (i),0))
	wait()
end

math.max (x, ···)

Returns the maximum value among its arguments.

Example

print(math.max (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7))
Will result in:
7

math.min (x, ···)

Returns the minimum value among its arguments.

Example

print(math.min (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7))

Will result in:
1

math.modf (x)

Returns two numbers, the integral part of x and the fractional part of x.

Example

print(math.modf (2.5))

Will result in:
2 0.5

math.pi

The value of pi. Pi is a mathematics term (not the baked good) that represents a very specific number.

Example

a=(math.pi^2)
print(math.sqrt(a))

Will result in:
3.1415926535898

math.pow (x, y)

Returns x^y. (You can also use the expression x^y to compute this value.)

Example

for i = 0, 10, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i+50,math.pow(i,2),0))
	wait()
end

math.rad (x)

Returns the angle x (given in degrees) in radians.

Example

print(math.rad (90))

Will result in:
1.5707963267949 (Which is pi/2)

math.random ([m [, n]])

This function can be called 3 ways:

math.random() -- returns a Number value 0-1

Example

local str = ""
for i = 1,10 do
  local num = math.random(33,126)
  str = str .. string.char(num)
end
print(str) -- random string length 10

math.random(min,max) -- returns an Integer min-max

Example

local color = Color3.new( math.random(), math.random(), math.random() )
print(color) -- random color3

math.random(max) -- returns an Integer 1-max

Example

local list = Workspace:GetChildren()
print( list[math.random(#list)] ) -- random item from list

If second number is less than first (or only number is less than 1), you'll get:

bad argument #n to 'random' (interval is empty)

This function is an interface to the simple pseudo-random generator function rand provided by ANSI C. (No guarantees can be given for its statistical properties.)

math.randomseed (x)

Sets x as the "seed" for the pseudo-random generator: equal seeds produce equal sequences of numbers.

math.sin (x)

Returns the sine of x (assumed to be in radians).

Example

for i = 0, 20, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(3*math.sin(i),3*i,3*math.cos(i)))
	wait()
end

math.sinh (x)

Returns the hyperbolic sine of x.

Example

for i = -2, 2, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(2*math.sinh(i),5*i+50,2*math.cosh(i)))
	wait()
end

math.sqrt (x)

Returns the square root of x. (You can also use the expression x^0.5 to compute this value.)

Example

for i = 0, 30, 1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,50+5*math.sqrt (i),0))
	wait()
end

math.tan (x)

Returns the tangent of x (assumed to be in radians).

Example

for i = 0, 50, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,50+2*math.tan(i),0))
	wait()
end

math.tanh (x)

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x.

Example

for i = -5, 5, .1 do
	local p = Instance.new("Part")
	p.Parent = game.Workspace
	p.Size = Vector3.new(1,1,1)
	p.Anchored = true
	p.CFrame=(CFrame.fromEulerAnglesXYZ(0,0,0)+Vector3.new(i,50+2*math.tanh(i),0))
	wait()
end